Internet Info 1994 March/Internet Info CD-ROM (Walnut Creek) (March 1994).iso/answers/comp/comp-lang-ada/public-ada-library

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Path: bloom-beacon.mit.edu!hookup!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!wupost!wuarchive.wustl.edu!conn
From: [e-mail] (Richard Conn)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.ada,comp.lang.vhdl,comp.answers,news.answers
Subject: Public Ada Library FAQ
Followup-To: poster
Date: 8 Apr 1994 02:25:54 -0500
Organization: Washington University in Saint Louis, MO
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Message-ID: <[e-mail]>
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Summary: Public Ada Library (PAL) Frequently Asked Questions
Keywords: Public Ada Library, FAQ, PAL, Ada, VHDL, VHSIC, Integrated Circuits
Xref: bloom-beacon.mit.edu comp.lang.ada:8951 comp.lang.vhdl:2002 comp.answers:4818 news.answers:17822

Archive-name: comp-lang-ada/public-ada-library

Date of this FAQ: Friday, April 8, 1994
Public Ada Library (PAL) Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Posting Frequency: Monthly

The Public Ada Library (PAL) is a library of Ada and VHDL software,
courseware, and documentation on the wuarchive.wustl.edu host computer
(VHDL stands for Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Hardware
Description Language).  This FAQ addresses the following questions:

 . What is New since the last PAL FAQ?
 . What is the Public Ada Library (PAL)?
 . In a Nutshell, What is in the PAL?
 . What is WUARCHIVE?
 . What Electronic Mailing Lists Support the Users of the PAL?
 . What Documentation is Available to Help the PAL User?
 . How is the PAL Like a Conventional Library?
 . Is the Software in the PAL Free of Defects?
 . What are Review Codes?
 . How Do I Handle the Various Types of Files in the PAL?
 . How Can I Get to the Items in the PAL?
 . How Do I Work with ZIP Files and MAC Binary Files in the PAL from my MAC?
 . How Can I Submit an Item to the PAL?

Questions about this FAQ?  Suggestions for improvement?  Gripes?
Contact:
  Richard Conn, Manager, Public Ada Library (PAL)
  [e-mail]

=======================================================
What is New since the last PAL FAQ?
Added 8 April 1994:
  Information on the Ada World Wide Web Server under Alternate Sources
  Information on the PAL Card Catalog added under User Documentation
  Information on the March 1994 Walnut Creek Ada CDROM under Alternate
    Sources
  Fix to description of the Rush River Ada CDROM
=======================================================
What is the Public Ada Library?
Last Update: February 6, 1994

The Public Ada Library (PAL) is a library of Ada and VHDL software,
courseware, and documentation on the wuarchive.wustl.edu (WUARCHIVE)
host computer (VHDL stands for Very High Speed Integrated Circuit
(VHSIC) Hardware Description Language).  The PAL is located in the
directories languages/ada and languages/vhdl if you access WUARCHIVE by
FTP, gopher, or FTPMAIL, or in the directories /archive/languages/ada
and /archive/languages/vhdl if you access WUARCHIVE by NFS.  The PAL
reached the Initial Operational Capability milestone in its evolution on
June 21, 1993.

The purposes of the PAL are:

  . to help make Ada- and VHDL-oriented software, courseware, and
    documentation that has been released for public distribution
    (as shareware, freeware, GNU Copyleft, etc) readily available
    to the public

  . to support Ada and VHDL educators by providing a convenient
    mechanism for them to exchange material and ideas

  . to support the Ada and VHDL user communities in general by
    providing a resource in support of their activities

The PAL is actually five collections of material in one:

 1. the languages/ada/ajpo tree is a mirror of the public area of
    the ajpo.sei.cmu.edu host computer; this collection is maintained
    by the Ada Information Clearinghouse (AdaIC) under the direction of
    the Ada Joint Program Office; as a mirror, whenever the AdaIC updates
    its files on ajpo.sei.cmu.edu, the languages/ada/ajpo tree of the
    PAL is automatically updated within 24 hours; documentation on the
    languages/ada/ajpo tree is found scattered throughout the tree itself
    and in the PAL Catalog

 2. the languages/ada/sei tree is a mirror of the public area of the
    ftp.sei.cmu.edu host computer; this collection is maintained by
    the Software Engineering Institute (SEI); as a mirror, updates occur
    and documentation is available as for the AJPO mirror

 3. the languages/ada/asr tree is the principal copy of the Ada Software
    Repository (ASR) on wsmr-simtel20.army.mil; the ASR is no longer
    actively maintained; documentation on the languages/ada/asr tree is
    found in the languages/ada/asr/mindex directory as the Master Index
    document (files are named *.ch, containing chapters of the document)
    and in the PAL Catalog

 4. the languages/vhdl tree is a mirror of the VHDL Repository at the
    University of Cincinnati, host uceng.uc.edu; this collection is
    maintained by Dr. Harold Carter of the Department of Electrical
    and Computer Engineering at the University of Cincinnati; as a
    mirror, updates occur and documentation is available as for the AJPO
    mirror

 5. the rest of the languages/ada tree is the part of the PAL maintained
    by the manager of the PAL; documentation is found in the directory
    languages/ada/userdocs/catalog, which contains the PAL Catalog,
    PAL LOTUS-123 and dBase IV compatible database files, and other
    forms of catalog information on the PAL

WUARCHIVE is supported by the Office of the Network Coordinator,
Washington University in Saint Louis.  Funding for WUARCHIVE is provided
by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Office of the Network
Coordinator.  The PAL is supported with funding provided by the Ada
Joint Program Office (AJPO) under the DoD's Defense Information Systems
Agency (DISA).  The contract for the PAL support was awarded to Monmouth
College in West Long Branch, New Jersey, through the Army's
Communications Electronics Command (CECOM) Software Engineeering
Directorate (SED).

Many organizations have developed cooperative relationships with the
PAL, contributing time, effort, user support services, and artifacts to
the PAL and its users either directly or indirectly.  These
organizations include:
  AdaNET
  the Ada Joint Program Office
  the Ada Information Clearinghouse
  the Army Reuse Center
  the Army's Communications Electronics Command (CECOM) Software
    Engineering Directorate (SED)
  the Asset Source for Software Engineering Technology
  the Central Archive for Reusable Defense Software
  Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers (CNAM) in Paris, France
  the DoD's Defense Information Systems Agency
  the Software Engineering Institute
  the Software Reuse Repository at the University of Maine
  the VHDL Repository at the University of Cincinnati
  Walnut Creek CDROM

To begin using the PAL, read the PAL.FAQ file (posted on USENET and
available in the languages/ada/userdocs/faqfile subdirectory).  It is
highly recommended that users obtain the current PAL Catalog (named
PALCAT.DOC in the subdirectory languages/ada/userdocs/catalog) as well.

The PAL can be accessed by a wide variety of mechanisms.  These
mechanisms include, but are not limited to, the following:

  . FTP to WUARCHIVE itself (up to 250 simultaneous FTP users)
  . NFS mounts on WUARCHIVE
  . Gopher servers wuarchive.wustl.edu and gopher.wustl.edu
  . PAL mirror sites at ftp.cnam.fr and ftp.cdrom.com
  . FTPMAIL email servers
  . CDROM distributions
  . AdaNET distributions and customer support (AdaNET is free to users)

Users wishing to access the PAL by FTP can use anonymous FTP to contact
the main PAL host (wuarchive.wustl.edu) or the PAL mirror sites
(ftp.cnam.fr and ftp.cdrom.com).  The languages/ada tree on wuarchive
corresponds to the pub/Ada/PAL tree on cnam and the pub/languages/ada
tree on cdrom.  Two hosts support access to the PAL as gopher servers:
wuarchive.wustl.edu and gopher.wustl.edu.

See the section of the PAL FAQ entitled "How Can I Get to the Items
in the PAL?" for more details.



                          General Disclaimer
                          ==================

All software, courseware, documentation, and other items of information
in the PAL are provided "AS IS" without any expressed or implied
warranties whatsoever unless their individual documentation states
otherwise.  No warranties as to performance, merchantability, or fitness
for a particular purpose exist.

Because of the diversity of conditions under which this software may be
used, no warranty of fitness for a particular purpose is offered.  The
user is advised to test the software and courseware thoroughly before
relying on it.  The user must assume the entire risk and liability of
using this software, courseware, and documentation.

In no event shall any person or organization be held responsible for any
direct, indirect, consequential, or inconsequential damages or lost
profits.

Richard Conn
Manager, Public Ada Library
=======================================================
In a Nutshell, What is in the PAL?
Manifest of the Public Ada Library (PAL)
Richard Conn
6 February 1994

This manifest is divided into two parts: a brief overview and a more
detailed overview.

BRIEF OVERVIEW

  5 Ada83 Compilers (3 for DOS, 2 for MAC) - NYU Ada/Ed, GWU Ada/Ed,
      Small Ada
  2 Ada9X Compilers (1 for OS/2, 1 for Sun/SPARC) - GNAT 1.67
  Ada83 and Ada9X Information, Rationale, and Reference Manuals (including
    a hypertext version of the Ada83 LRM and interactive online versions
    of the Ada83 and Ada9X Reference Manuals)
  Ada Bindings (to X11R4, GKS, POSIX, SQL) and Interfaces (ASIS, IRDS, PCIS)
  100's of Reusable Ada Software Components
  Over 50 Ada Software Development Tools (including AdaSAGE)
  SEI's Capability Maturity Model 1.1
  Software for Ada Compiler Evaluation and Benchmarks (including ACES, ACVC,
    and PIWG)
  Over 40 Ada, Software Engineering, Domain Engineering, OOD, and OOP
    Courses (including an interactive Ada83 tutor)
  Over 100 Technical reports on Ada, Software Engineering, Domain
    Engineering, OOD, OOP, and Reuse

DETAILED OVERVIEW

The PAL is divided into 5 sections:

1. AJPO
   Ada9X Information, Rationale, and Reference Manual (Versions 3 and 4)
   Ada83 Information, Rationale, and Reference Manual
   Ada Language Issues and Commentary
   Ada Adoption Handbook
   General information files on Ada standards, policies, and projects
   Ada Technology Insertion Programs
   Ada Bindings Working Group and Information on Ada Bindings
   Ada Binding to X11R4 including Xt Intrinsics
   Ada Language Technical Issues and Comments
   Ada Style Guide
   Software for Ada Compiler Evaluation
     Ada Compiler Evaluation Suite (ACES 1.0)
     Ada Compiler Validation Capability (ACVC 1.11)
     Performance Issues Working Group (PIWG) benchmarks
     Evaluation and Validation working group information
   Catalog of Resources for Education in Ada and Software Engineering
       (CREASE)
   Portable Common Interface Set (PCIS)
   Information Resource Dictionary System (IRDS)
   Ada Semantic Interface Set (ASIS)
   Use of Ada in Real-Time Systems
     Ada Runtime Environment working group information
     Catalog of Interface Features and Options (CIFO)

2. SEI
   ACVC draft for Ada9X
   Technical reports from the SEI from 1987 to 1993

3. ASR - all source code written in Ada83
    Several libraries of reusable Ada components, including math libraries
      Over 300 separate reusable components
    Ada mode for GNU Emacs
    6 Ada compiler benchmark suites
    Common APSE (Ada Programming Support Environment) Interface Set (CAIS)
    Graphical Kernel System (GKS) binding
    Structured Query Language (SQL) binding
    Tools to support Ada software development
    Communication tools, including FTP and TELNET implementations in Ada
    TCP/IP in Ada
    Databases and database management systems
    Ada support for Artificial Intelligence
    5 Ada Pretty Printers
    Ada Cross-Reference tool
    Menu systems
    Message systems
    Ada metrics tools
    Ada Program Design Language
    Spelling Checker written in Ada
    Simple text editor written in Ada
    Courseware

4. VHDL
    VHDL and ANAVHDL Documents and General Information
    VHDL Validation
    VHDL Grammar
    DDE Benchmarks
    Armstrong VHDL examples

5. PAL-Maintained
    Ada9X Compiler
      GNU Ada 9X Translator (GNAT) through version 1.67 for OS/2 and Sun
    Ada83 Compilers
      New York University Ada/Ed for DOS
      George Washington University Ada/Ed and environment for DOS and MAC
      George Washington University Small Ada for DOS and MAC
    Ada bindings
      to Adobe Font Metrics
      Ada Semantic Interface Set (ASIS)
      to Graphical Kernel System
      Portable Common Tool Environment (PCTE)
      POSIX
      to Structured Query Language (SQL)
      to X11R4
    Ada Courseware
      Software Engineering with Ada
      Object-Oriented Design with Ada
      Object-Oriented Programming with Ada
      Ada Programming Lab
      Interactive Ada Tutor
    Database managers and generators
      AdaSAGE 4.1.4
      Ada Report Production Systems
      Reusable Graphical Browser
    Large body of Ada- and reuse-oriented documentation
    Interactive Online Ada Language Reference Manuals
      for Ada83
      for Ada9X (Version 3)
    15 collections of reusable Ada software components
    Over 20 Ada software development toolsets
    Simple File Transfer Protocol (FTP) in Ada
    Xmodem and Kermit communication protocols in Ada
    Catalog of the entire Public Ada Library (over 950 pages covering this
      entire CDROM) in text, Postscript, and interactive reader forms
    Database files of the entire Public Ada Library (catalog information
      extracted for use by Lotus-123 or DBase IV)

=======================================================
What is WUARCHIVE?
Last Update: January 10, 1994

The host computer named wuarchive.wustl.edu (WUARCHIVE) is a Digital
Equipment Corporation (DEC) Alpha AXP 3000 Model 400.  It is equipped
with 192M bytes of RAM and over 21G bytes of disk space, and it is able
to support up to 250 simultaneous anonymous FTP session, many remote NFS
mounts, and a gopher server.

WUARCHIVE is owned by the Office of the Network Coordinator, Washington
University in Saint Louis. It is supported out of the budget of the
Office of the Network Coordinator and by a grant from the National
Science Foundation.  The Office of the Network Coordinator and the
National Science Foundation have jointly paid for the hardware of the
machine and for the services of the support personnel at Washington
University in Saint Louis.

The maintainers of the archives which originate on WUARCHIVE are
volunteers, working on an unfunded basis.  The support personnel who
maintain the operational support software, including the software
which keeps the mirrors up to date, are funded by the Office of the
Network Coordinator and the National Science Foundation grant.

We wish to express our gratitude to Digital Equipment Corporation for
the sale of the DEC Alpha at a substantial discount and to the National
Science Foundation for its grant in support of WUARCHIVE.

=======================================================
What Electronic Mailing Lists Support PAL Users?
Last Update: December 6, 1993

WUNET.WUSTL.EDU is the electronic mail list server for users of the
Public Ada Library.  A separate computer from WUARCHIVE.WUSTL.EDU (on
which the PAL is located), WUNET's purpose in life from the point of
view of the PAL user is to manage the electronic mailing lists
supporting him.

The List Server is a program on WUNET which manages Lists (Electronic
Mailing Lists).  The user can send commands to the List Server, and it
will respond by performing actions for him (such as adding him to a
List, removing him from a List, and sending him a message naming all the
lists supported by the List Server).  The user can send email messages
to the List, and the subscribers to the List will receive these
messages.

To find out what commands the List Server can respond to, send an email
message to

  [e-mail]

which contains an empty subject line and one line in the body of the
message (starting in the first column):

  help

If you wish to subscribe to an electronic mailing list, send an
electronic mail message to:

  [e-mail]

Leave the subject line blank and place the following line into the body
of this message:

  subscribe <electronic mailing list name>

Example:
  subscribe pal-announce

Begin this line in column 1.  Your return address will be used as the
address to which announcements will be sent.  A list of the electronic
mailing lists for the PAL user community is included below.

You will receive a message back from the listserv software, telling you
of the success or failure of your request.

Once subscribed, a user can send electronic mail to all subscribers of a
List by sending email to the list's name at wunet.wustl.edu; example:

  [e-mail]

This, of course, only works if the List is bidirectional.  The ANNOUNCE
Lists are unidirectional (read-only from the point of view of the
subscribers).  Subscribers cannot post email messages to the ANNOUNCE
lists - only the moderator of the ANNOUNCE lists can post messages.

  A partial list of electronic mailing lists available from
  [e-mail]
  =========================================================

These lists are for the PAL user community.  For a more complete list of
the mailing lists available to your site, send a mail message to
[e-mail] which contains the command "DIR/LISTS".

    Wuarchive-Announce - Notification of any planned downtime or service
      changes for wuarchive.wustl.edu.  The only announcements from this
      list will be from local staff or archivers.

    Pal-Announce - Announcements concerning the Public Ada Library
      (PAL).  These include additions to, changes to and other
      announcements concerning the PAL.  You can not post messages here.

    Ada-Train - This list is for the discussion of topics concerning Ada
      training and education.  This is a general discussion list.

    EducationWG - This list is a bidirectional mailing list for those
      people interested in participating in the Education Working group
      of ACM/SIGAda.  It is used to exchange information about the
      activities of the working group and coordinate those activities.

    Reuse - This list is a bidirectional mailing list for those people
      interested in software reuse technology.  This includes, but is
      not limited to, the fields of designing for reuse, object-oriented
      reuse methods, reuse tools and environments, generic code
      architectures, domain-specific kits, reuse education, technology
      transfer, formal methods, certification of reusable components,
      and management issues as they pertain to reuse.

    ReuseWG - This list is a bidirectional mailing list for those people
      interested in participating in the Reuse Working Group of
      ACM/SIGAda.  It is used to exchange information about the
      activities of the working group and coordinate those activities.

=======================================================
What Documentation is Available to Help the PAL User?
Last Update: April 10, 1994

The subdirectory userdocs/catalog in the PAL contains a number of
documents of interest to the users of the PAL.  The key user documents
in this subdirectory are:

  PALCAT.DOC    -- a softcopy catalog of the contents of the PAL
  PALCAT.PS     -- PALCAT.DOC in Postscript with landscape and
                   two pages per Postscript page
  PALDB.DOC,    -- a Comma-Separated-Value (CSV) text file suitable
    PALHDR.DOC     -- for reading by database managers and spreadsheets
  PALTAX.DOC    -- a taxonomy of the PAL
  PALTAX.PS     -- PALTAX.DOC in Postscript with landscape and
                   two pages per Postscript page

The subdirectory userdocs/faqfile in the PAL contains the PAL Frequently
Asked Questions (FAQ) list:

  PAL.FAQ       -- the Frequently Asked Questions list

Other files in the userdocs/catalog and userdocs/faqfile subdirectories
are used to create these key files.  Additionally, the user is invited
to look in the following directories for additional useful information:

  userdocs/alt_srcs    -- alternate sources to the items in the PAL
  userdocs/internet    -- information on using the Internet
  userdocs/internet/email -- archives of the PAL email lists

Public Ada Library (PAL) Card Catalog
=====================================

The Public Ada Library Card Catalog is an interactive browser that
presents all the information in the PAL Catalog:
  1. A top-level view of the entire Public Ada Library
  2. Descriptions of all the items in the Public Ada Library, including
     abstracts, locations of files, author information, and release and
     copyright information
  3. An extensive index and taxonomy

The PAL Card Catalog also includes the complete text of the current PAL
FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) list and online help.  The file
QSTART.TXT is a short (10 minute) tutorial on how to use the PAL Card
Catalog.

The directory languages/ada/toolkit/all contains CARDCAT.ZIP, a ZIP file
which contains the source code to the PAL Card Catalog along with
instructions for installing it on any system supported by an Ada83
compiler.  A validated Ada83 compiler and CS Parts are required to
perform the installation.  CS Parts can be found under the directory
languages/ada/swcomps/csparts.

The directory languages/ada/toolkit/msdos/cardcat contains ccat_pc.zip,
a ZIP file which contains the files in the runme subdirectory.  The
files in ccat_pc.zip are ready to run under MSDOS.
=======================================================
How is PAL Like a Conventional Library?
Last Update: June 21, 1993

Many similarities can be drawn between the Public Ada Library (PAL) on
the WUARCHIVE.WUSTL.EDU host computer and a conventional library.  These
similarities include:
  . the way users browse through the libraries,
  . the availability of a catalog of the contents of the libraries,
  . the availability of reviews of the items in the libraries,
  . the availability of bulletin boards to find out what is new, and
  . the availability of support to help you use the libraries.

In a conventional library, you can walk into the library and walk
amongst the books, picking them off the shelves as you wish.  In the
PAL, you can FTP into it and move amongst the directories (via the CD
command), copying files out of PAL as you wish.  You could also mount
the disk containing PAL via NFS and access it like any read-only disk,
again copying files out of PAL as you wish.  There is one significant
drawback to this approach: by picking up an item "at random," you may
miss other items which are prerequisites to the one you selected.  The
catalog (a card catalog in a conventional library or the PAL catalog in
the PAL) can help you avoid this problem.

In a conventional library, you can go up to the card catalog and look
for what you are interested in by topic.  In the PAL, you can copy down
the catalog file and browse through it at your convenience or you can
copy down the online database files, load them into a database manager
or spreadsheet of your choice, and browse through them in that fashion.

In a conventional library, there are books you can examine which are
reviews of other books.  In the current PAL, the catalog includes REVIEW
CODES to give you a brief review of an item.  CMM files are also
available occasionally.  In phase 2 of the PAL, there will be review
reports generated by automated tools.

In a conventional library, there are bulletin boards and other places
where you can go to find out about the new releases.  In the PAL, there
are release notices, currently being posted to comp.lang.ada.

Finally, in a conventional library, there is a reference librarian you
can speak to if you have a question.  In the PAL, there is only me at
this time, and I can be reached via electronic mail.  However, there are
also the alternate sources of the PAL, particularly AdaNET.  I ask that
you try to exhaust all the other possibilities before contacting me
directly. Instead, please subscribe to a service like AdaNET (which is
currently free to you).  They are providing a mirror of the PAL and they
support their users via electronic mail and customer support telephone
line, including an 800 telephone number.

=======================================================
Is the Software in PAL Free of Defects?
Last Update: June 21, 1993

The software in the PAL is an outstanding collection from all over the
world, but it comes with a warning: like any such collection, there are
outstanding items, good items, average items, and poor items.  This
software contains items which are really useful, items which you cannot
live without, and items which simply may not work in your environment.
So you, as a user, must not come into this thinking that everything is
perfect.

So how do you know in advance what software is good and what is bad?
Study.  This problem has come up over and over again with the Ada
Software Repository (ASR), and I answered this by adding a REVIEW CODE
field to all the items in the ASR Master Index.  Chapter 1 of the Master
Index gives the keys for this field (e.g., CS means Compiled
Successfully, ES means Executed Successfully, NR means Not Rated (I
don't know if it is good or bad), etc.).  Every item in the Master Index
book has an associated REVIEW CODE field.  Look at this when you
consider using the item.  Also, look for Comment (CMM) files throughout
the ASR.  They tell success/problem stories.  They are text files, so
you can just read them.  Finally, if you find an item marked with a CS
and ES, note the compilers/platforms noted with this mark (e.g., CS(DEC
Ada), etc.). If a number of compilers/platforms are named, you probably
have a very portable item.

The PAL has a document called the PAL Catalog (similar in nature to the
Master Index of the ASR).  The PAL Catalog has a similar REVIEW CODE
field, and CMM files are also support in the PAL.  In phase 2 of the
PAL, one or more automated static code analysis tools will be used to
analyze the Ada source code in the PAL and report on it.

=======================================================
What are Review Codes?
Last Update: February 6, 1994

The database maintained on the PAL includes Review Codes which
are used to indicate to some extent the level of trust which may be
placed in a particular item.  These Review Codes are defined as follows:

Code    Meaning
====    =======

AR      AdaNET Report is available (usually in the ZIP file); AdaNET
        Reports contain information on experiences in compiling this
        item

CMM     Comment Files (*.CMM, *.CM2, etc) are available which describe
        one or more problems with the item

CS      Compiled Successfully (followed by an indication of the
        Ada compiler used in parentheses) by the reviewer

ES      Executed Successfully (followed by an indication of the
        target computer used in parentheses if different from the
        systems mentioned in the CS list) by the reviewer

MF-CODE Missing File - Code; one or more files of source code are
        missing; the item cannot be compiled without these files

MF-DATA Missing File - Data; one or more files used as input data when
        the compiled code runs are missing; the item cannot be
        executed without these files

NR      Not Reviewed

OK      This is a text file which is believed to be an accurate copy
        of the original

RI      Review Incomplete (only some results of a partial review
        are posted)

SDA     Report generated by the Ada System Dependency Analyzer is
        available; if followed by a number from 1 to 5 (e.g., SDA5),
        the number indicates the relative quality of the item, where
        5 is of the highest quality

not     negation prefix (e.g., not ES or not OK)

=======================================================
How Do I Handle the Various Types of Files in PAL?
  Last Update: November 14, 1993

  A number of file formats have come into play among the files in the PAL,
  and this document is designed to bring them to your attention.

  Text Files
  ==========
  There are two basic kinds of ASCII text files: MSDOS format and UNIX
  format.  The difference is that lines in MSDOS format files are
  terminated by a pair of characters (carriage return and line feed)
  while lines in UNIX format files are terminated by a single character
  (line feed).  Occasionally, MSDOS format files will also have one or
  more ^Z characters at their end, but this is becoming more and more
  rare.

  Consequently, if you are on a UNIX system and want to process an MSDOS
  text file, there may be problems.  Likewise if you are on an MSDOS
  system trying to process a UNIX text file.  In the toolkit directory
  are the programs

    u2m   -- unix to msdos text file format converter
    m2u   -- msdos to unix text file format converter
    t2t   -- whatever to current text file format converter

  The toolkit directory includes executables of these programs for MSDOS.
  Source code is also included for others.  The t2t program also has a -c
  option that can be used to test a text file to determine what kind of a
  text file it is.  You may find these programs to be very useful.

  As a rule, the text files in the PAL are UNIX text files.

  PAGER2 Files
  ============
  PAGER2 files are UNIX or MSDOS text files created by the PAGER2 program
  in the PAL.  They have a file type of SRC (altho not all SRC files are
  necessarily PAGER2 files).  PAGER2 is used to concatenate a number of
  Ada source files into one file, where each component file is separated
  by a special Ada comment.  That way, Ada source files can be stored in a
  single SRC file in compilation order and compiled as one group.  The
  pager2 program can be found in the toolkit directory.

  ZIP Files
  =========
  These are binary archive files, usually containing a set of files in a
  directory tree structure that will be reproduced when the files are
  extracted.  The toolkit directory contains the source code to popular
  ZIP and UNZIP programs supported by the Info-ZIP Internet group.

  GNU ZIP Files
  =============
  These are compressed binary files, usually containing one file that
  is reproduced when the GUNZIP program is run.  The toolkit directory
  contains the executables and source code to the GNU ZIP (GZIP) and
  GNU UNZIP (GUNZIP) programs supported by the Free Software Foundation.
  The GNU ZIP and Info-ZIP file formats are different.

  TAR Files
  =========
  These are text/binary archive files, usually containing a set of files
  like a ZIP file.  TAR (Tape Archiver) came from the UNIX world, and the
  toolkit directory contains a TAR.EXE program so MSDOS users can get at
  and extract files from TAR files.

  Compressed (*.Z) Files
  ======================
  The compress/uncompress program pair came from the UNIX world for file
  compression purposes.  The toolkit directory includes an UNCOMP.EXE
  program for uncompressing UNIX *.Z files on a PC.  With ZIP on PCs
  (and now on virtually all other platforms), compress is less and less
  necessary since ZIP automatically compresses as it stores.
  Files named *.taz are compressed *.tar files; uncompress them
  first, then use tar to extract their contents.

  WARNING: *.tar files may contain directory or file names that are not
  compatible with your operating system.  For example, the tar file may have
  originally been created on a UNIX system and you are trying to extract its
  contents on an MSDOS system.  The MSDOS tar program may correctly shorten
  the file and directory names, but if there are conflicts, files may be
  overwritten.  Watch out for this potential problem.

  Compressed or GNU ZIPped TAR Files
  ==================================
  The TAR files are frequently compressed by either using the UNIX
  COMPRESS program or the GNU ZIP program.  The resulting compressed
  TAR files are named filename.tar.Z and filename.tar.gz, respectively.
  To maintain compliance with ISO-9660 file name requirements, the
  file types *.taz and *.tgz are used to indicated compressed tar and
  GNU ZIPped tar files, respectively:

    Original File Name   ... is equivalent to ...   PAL File Name
    ==================                              =============
    filename.tar.Z                                  filename.taz
    filename.tar.gz                                 filename.tgz
=======================================================
How Can I Get to the Items in the PAL?
PAL Alternate Sources Tree
Richard Conn, January 10, 1994
[e-mail]

The PAL can be accessed directly via FTP, NFS, and gopher using the
wuarchive.wustl.edu host computer.  For users interested in a general
background on the Internet and the techniques for using FTP, NFS, and
gopher, see the PAL subdirectory userdocs/internet for documentation and
pointers to books.

This userdocs/alt_srcs tree contains information about companies and
organizations that provide support in some way to the PAL user community
through value-added services and products.  Some users of PAL may not
have access to PAL directly via FTP and NFS, so the following
information is presented to help them find alternate ways of accessing
the PAL.

Examples of such services are:
  1. The donation of equipment to Washington University at St. Louis
     that is used by PAL
  2. The sale of consulting services to the PAL user community to answer
     questions about PAL and help users locate items they are looking for
     in PAL or other resources

Examples of such products are:
  1. The sale of CDROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, etc., that contain
     a copy of PAL in an alternate form, making it possible for people
     who do not have Internet or email archive server access to obtain
     a copy of the items in PAL
  2. The sale of computer accounts that place users on the Internet so
     they can access PAL

Companies and organizations wishing to be added to this tree are invited
to send email describing their services or products to me at the above
email address. I will work with them to provide "free advertising" space
in PAL under this tree so users of PAL can be made aware of their
services and products.  I reserve the right to edit material provided by
these companies in the event that this material violates some known law,
public sensibilities, or the like.

  ============================================
  File: /archive/languages/ada/userdocs/alt_srcs/adanet.txt
  Last update: 6 December 1993
                     AdaNET Service Version Three (ASV3)
                              a component of
            Repository Based Software Engineering (RBSE) Program

                             Administered by:
                     University of Houston - Clear Lake

       Operated by:                        AdaNET Client Service:
       MountainNet, Inc.                   1-800-444-1458
       2705 Cranberry Square               [e-mail]
       Morgantown, WV 26505


       The AdaNET repository contains PAL software and more.  In
       addition, our Phased Certification Process provides Ada
       software with value-added analysis reports, including
       complexity reports, declaration tree reports and invocation
       tree reports. Our non-software information includes research
       papers, standards and technical reports authored by recognized,
       authoritative sources on software engineering principles and
       practices.

       Our Client Service team provides timely response to requests
       for any component in print or electronic media.  Clients can
       have qualified software engineers and librarians to assist in
       locating AdaNET and/or PAL components that satisfy their needs.
       All of our services are free of charge.

       AdaNET clients automatically receive an account on our host
       which is connected to Internet.  While this does not provide
       full Internet access, Internet e-mail facilities are available.

       Lastly, MountainNet provides a service, MountainNetWorks,
       which offers Internet access at a reasonable rate for
       individuals and groups.

  ============================================
  File: /archive/languages/ada/userdocs/alt_srcs/archie.txt
  Getting Started with Archie
  Derived from: HELP for the archie email server, as of 10 April, 1993.

  To get started with using archie to retrieve files from the Public
  Ada Library (or any of about 800 archives on the Internet, for that
  matter), send an email message with a subject of "help" and a body
  of "help" (no quotes in either the subject or body) to:

      archie@<archie_server>

  <archie_server> is the name of an archie host. The current (and
  complete) list of archie servers can be found with the "servers" command
  (described in the help message). A sample list is:

      archie.rutgers.edu   128.6.18.15     (USA)
      archie.unl.edu       129.93.1.14     (USA)
      archie.sura.net      128.167.254.179 (USA)
      archie.ans.net       147.225.1.2     (USA)
      archie.au            139.130.4.6     (Australia)
      archie.funet.fi      128.214.6.100   (European server in Finland)
      archie.sogang.ac.kr  163.239.1.11    (Korea)

  If you do not get mail back within 2 days or so, try using one of the
  other archie sites.

  ============================================
  File: /archive/languages/ada/userdocs/alt_srcs/cnam.txt
  Last update: 6 December 1993
                                CNAM Mirror

  The server ftp.cnam.fr (in France) is a mirror site for the Public
  Ada Library.  Its current address is 163.173.128.6.

  This mirror site is available to all who want to access the PAL, but it
  is particularly useful to those in Europe.  Some statistics on it:

    . ftp.cnam.fr is a VAX 6000/510 with Ultrix 4.3.  It uses a Renater +
      Ebone network with a 2 Mbit/second line.
    . The /pub directory contains:
        Ada
        CNAM
        Modulog
        Network
        Rfc
        VMS
        incoming
    . And the /pub/Ada directory contains:
        AJPO
        Ada-Ed     -- links to PAL/compiler/adaed
        CNAM
        PAL
        Repository -- links to PAL/ASR
    . The complete path to PAL is ftp.cnam.fr:/pub/Ada/PAL.
    . CNAM mirrors the PAL automatically every day at 2 pm, local time
      (UT + 1 or UT + 2, depending on the season).
    . CNAM uses the WU ftp server and log every transfer so they can
      provide statistics.
    . CNAM also mirrors the AJPO host (/pub/Ada/AJPO).

  Thanks very much to Stephane and the others working with and supporting
  him for this service:

  Stephane Bortzmeyer           Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers
  [e-mail]       Laboratoire d'Informatique
                                292, rue Saint-Martin
  tel: [phone]      75141 Paris Cedex 03
  fax: [phone]      France
  ============================================
  File: /archive/languages/ada/userdocs/alt_srcs/decus.txt
  Last update: 6 December 1993
  CDROMs from DECUS

  The Digital Equipment Computer Users' Society (DECUS) is in the
  process of systematically making CDROMs of the entire WUARCHIVE,
  including the Public Ada Library (PAL).  I have been advised that
  DECUS intends to create new versions periodically.

  You can get an application for membership in the DECUS U.S. Chapter by
  calling [phone].

  Sites which wish to get DECUS CDROMs should contact their DECUS Local
  User Group or the DECUS Library at:

      DECUS Library
      333 South St, SHR1-4/D33
      Shrewsbury, MA  01545-4112
      [phone] / [phone] / [phone]

  When contacting DECUS, be sure to check on the date of the CDROM
  release.
  ============================================
  File: /archive/languages/ada/userdocs/alt_srcs/ftpmail.txt
  Last update: 10 April 1993
                    Anonymous FTP via Electronic Mail

  Derived from: HELP for the archie email server

  Anonymous FTP may be performed through the mail by various ftp-mail
  servers. Send a message with the word 'help' in it to:

  For BITNET/EARN sites ONLY:
          [e-mail]
  or (general access):
          [e-mail]

  for an explanations on how to use them.

  ============================================
  File: /archive/languages/ada/userdocs/alt_srcs/rational.txt
  Last update: 6 December 1993
                              Rational News

  Rational is now offering an online news distribution service that provides
  information --press releases, case studies, and so on-- to the general public
  using electronic mail.  The news is available over the Internet to anyone
  interested in receiving it.  Subscribers must have access to the Internet
  for e-mail (either directly or via a gateway).

  Rational will distribute pertinent, timely information that is of interest
  to the Ada community.  The purpose of this service is to keep Ada
  community informed and up to date on Rational's latest product announcements
  and developments.

  If you would like to receive this information electronically, please contact
  Kara Myers at 408-496-3891 or [e-mail] with your e-mail address.
  ============================================
  File: /archive/languages/ada/userdocs/alt_srcs/rushrvr.txt
  The "Ada Collection", collected by the Grebyn Corporation, and published
  by Rush River Software, is the largest collection of Ada material on the
  market. As a two CD-ROM collection of Ada material, it includes Ada
  software and utilities, extensive documentation and commentary on
  various aspects of Ada, and vast university and government repositories
  of Ada material adding up to approximately 1.2 Gigabytes of Ada
  material.

  The "Ada Collection" presents the software packages in the simplest
  format possible. For example, you will not need any utilities to
  unarchive the software packages. Because these software packages are in
  the most straight forward format, they are intended for use on many
  different systems, and are retained in that form, so that you can easily
  copy them and run them on your own system.

  Most of the material has been collected from many different FTP
  archives, and includes material from both individual and corporate
  contributors.

  Ada Language Utilities
  Language Translators | The Ada/Ed Interpreter | The GNAT Compiler | Code
  Analyzers | An Ada Mode for GNU Emacs | A Makefile Generator

  Ada Software Packages
  Ada-TUTR, an Ada tutorial | Mathematical software including NRG software
  packages |  Graphical software including the GKS software package |
  Bindings for Motif and the X Window System | Ada Software Engineering
  Tools (Ada YACC, AdaFace) | Small Ada AdaSAGE | Anna-I toolset, V 1.5

  Documentation on Ada
  Ada 83 | Ada 9X | Ada Language Specifications Many Ada publications |
  Ada Language Reference | Archives of the comp.lang.ada Usenet newsgroup

  Contributions From
  Rational | Verdix | Software Innovations | George Washington University
  | Software Arts & Sciences

  To introduce the Ada Collection, Rush River Software is bundling the
  CD-ROM repository with two invaluable Ada resources, Object-Oriented
  Design with Ada: Maximizing Reusability for Real-Time Systems, by Kjell
  Nielsen (regularly $49.95), and Developing with Ada: Life-Cycle Methods,
  by Bruce E. Krell (regularly $54.95) . Both books are published by
  Computer Literacy Bookshops.

  ORDERING INFORMATION:

  Order The Ada Collection through Computer Literacy Bookshops, Inc. by
  calling [phone], Fax [phone] for west coast customers, and
  [phone] or [phone] for east coast customers. You can also
  reach Computer Literacy Bookshops by  E-Mail [e-mail].

  The Ada Collection can also be ordered directly from Rush River
  Software. Call 800-275-1738, mail or fax the attached order form, or
  send email to  [e-mail]. Both companies accept Visa  and
  Mastercard orders.  For a more detailed listing of the CD-ROM contents,
  send an email request to [e-mail].  Quantity discounts are
  available.

  ___________________________________________________________________________
  Rush River is an expanding business. We can help master, publish, or
  distribute your CD-ROM project. Our experience covers everything from
  art work, and publication issues to ROM mastering. We know how to do
  ROMS! Call us for help.  (703)  534-0034

  As a growing business, Rush River is always looking for new
  opportunities. If you see a need for a title or are interested in
  compiling a title please call us.
  ============================================
  File: /archive/languages/ada/userdocs/alt_srcs/wcreek.txt
  What is on the March 1994 Version of the Walnut Creek Ada CDROM?

  The March 1994 version of the Walnut Creek Ada CDROM is a copy of the
  Public Ada Library as it appeared in mid-February 1994.  The CDROM
  contains over 9,200 files (about 580M bytes compressed in 445
  directories, somewhere between 3 and 5 G bytes uncompressed) divided
  into seventeen categories:

    1. Ada Compilers - Versions 1.67, 1.73, and 1.74 of GNAT (GNU NYU Ada9X
       Translator) for both OS/2 and SPARC targets, NYU Ada/Ed (for DOS and
       MAC), GWU Ada/Ed (for DOS and MAC), and GWU Small Ada (for DOS and
       MAC)
    2. Benchmarks - ACES, ACVC, Hartstone, PIWG, and others; there is also
       MITRE's Benchmark Generator Tool
    3. Bindings - to GKS, Motif, POSIX, SQL, generic UNIX, X11, Xt Intrinsics;
       there are also the Ada-standards of ASIS, CAIS, PCTE, and PCIS
    4. Communications - Protocols: FTP, Secure FTP SMTP, Kermit, Xmodem, TCP/IP;
       Comm Programs: FTP, TELNET, Kermit; Message handling; network I/O
    5. Copies and Mirrors - information on the AJPO, SEI, and VHDL mirrors
    6. Courseware - Over 30 sets of courseware, including: an Ada lab, an Ada83
       tutor (CAI), concurrent programming, domain-specific reuse, formal
       specification and verification, information protection, intellectual
       property, OOD, OOP, configuration management, designing for real-time
       systems, design in general, software inspections, software metrics,
       software requirements, software safety, verification and validation, and
       unit testing and analysis
    7. Database Management Tools - including ARPS, AdaSAGE, DADAISM, and RGB
    8. Distributed Processing - RPCs, augmented RPCs, and the Q software bus
    9. Documentation Development Tools - editors, word processors, file
       concatenators, help system, spelling checker/corrector
   10. Documents - over 150 of them, including the Ada Adoption Handbook,
       Ada Quality and Style Guide, Ada83 and Ada9X Rationale, Ada83 and Ada9X
       (Ver 3 and 4) Reference Manuals (text, Postscript, and hypertext), AdaIC
       information files and pointers, Capability Maturity Model, Catalog
       of Resources for Education in Ada and Software Engineering, information
       on Cleanroom, designing for reuse, domain analysis and engineering,
       high integrity Ada study, NATO software reuse standards, process asset
       library, programming techniques, reuse and the evaluation of reusable
       artifacts, software engineering, SGML, Software Measurement Guidebook
       Online (hypertext and Postscript), user interface; catalogs from
       AdaNET, ASSET, DSRS, and the PAL (the PAL catalogs are in text,
       Postscript, precompiled interactive reader for MSDOS, and Ada source
       code for compiling an interactive reader on other platforms); documents
       and standards from AdaNET, ASSET, and CARDS
   11. Miscellaneous Tools - map generator, plotting
   12. Project Management Tools - cost estimation, manpower loading,
       planning and optimization, project tracking, requirements tracking
   13. Reusable Software Components - over 350 of them, including 2D plotting
       components, LISP routines, character manipulation routines, string
       manipulation routines, command line interfaces, statement counters,
       date manipulation, math libraries, decimal arithmetic manipulation,
       file manipulation, garbage collection, graph manipulation, hashing
       functions, various machine-dependent interfaces, linked list
       manipulation, parsers, pattern recognition routines, queue
       manipulation, random number generators, search routines, sort routines,
       stack manipulation, tree manipulation, virtual terminals, and a symbol
       table manager; components collections include Abstractions and New
       Abstractions (from Intermetrics), CS Parts (assembled by Richard Conn),
       a collection from ASSET, and the Woodruff collection
   14. Software Development Tools - Ada EMACS mode, Ada program flow analysis,
       Ada static source code analyzer, Ada static structure evaluator,
       Ada cross reference, automatic Ada path analyzer, Ada83 and Ada9X
       Interactive Readers, compilation order determination (2 tools),
       DoD-STD-2167A document generator, file concatenators, Ada to DIANA
       converter, Ada grammars (2 of them), C header file to Ada translator,
       menu managers (2 of them), parser generators (2 of them), Ada pretty
       printers (4 of them), RPC toolkit, Reuse Economics Spreadsheet Model,
       source code instrumenter, Ada standards checkers (2 of them), Ada
       statement profiler, Ada style checkers (2 of them), Ada body
       stubbers (2 of them), and a symbolic debugger
   15. Testing - SQL test data generator, Universal Ada Test Language
   16. User Toolkit - tools to help the user of the PAL (and this CDROM)
       in uncompressing, untarring, unzipping, etc., items in the PAL (and on
       this CDROM); the PAL Card Catalog (an interactive reader precompiled
       for MSDOS and available in source code form for scanning the contents
       of the PAL (and this CDROM) by subject, keyword, etc.)
   17. VHDL - ANAVHDL documentation, DDE benchmarks, general documentation on
       VHDL, sample models, tools, VHDL validation

  Four aids are available on the CDROM (and in the PAL) for locating items
  of interest:
    1. The PAL Catalog (in ASCII text and Postscript) - a complete document
       (about 5" thick when printed as Postscript, 10" as ASCII) describing
       all items in the PAL (and the CDROM); includes a table of contents,
       taxonomy, and index; Chapter 1 describes how to use the document
       and other items of interest
    2. The PAL Card Catalog - an interactive version of the PAL Catalog;
       same information; available as an MSDOS executable that can be run
       directly off the CDROM and in Ada source form with instructions for
       compilation (very portable - has been run on VAXen, Suns, HPs);
       includes search and print facilities; the file QSTART.TXT presents
       a quick, 10-minute tutorial on how to use the PAL Card Catalog
    3. MSDOS directory viewer from Walnut Creek - DOS-based tool for quickly
       and easily moving through the directories on the CDROM, browsing files,
       unzipping files, etc.
    4. NCSA Mosaic for Microsoft Windows - precompiled to run standalone under
       MS Windows version 3.1 with an overview of the CDROM in hypertext
       markup language prepared by Eugene Bingue

  This CDROM can be purchased from several resellers (be sure to look for
  the March 1994 version and not get the earlier 1993 version) and
  directly from Walnut Creek CDROM at 800/786-9907 or 510/674-0783 for
  under $50 (including shipping and handling).  Quantity discounts are
  available.  Their FAX is 510/674-0821, and their email is
  [e-mail].

  Disclaimer and Thanks: I have no affiliation with Walnut Creek CDROM
  other than having organized their Ada CDROMs and worked with them to
  help set up the PAL mirror site at ftp.cdrom.com; I make no money from
  sales, and have even gone as far as purchasing the Ada CDROMs I
  organized for my personal use.  I wish to thank Walnut Creek CDROM
  (particularly Bob Bruce and Jack Velte) for supporting the Public Ada
  Library by freely providing the ftp.cdrom.com mirror site, for providing
  a special purchase to ACM/SIGAda for promotion of Ada at conferences,
  and for giving away complimentary copies of the Ada CDROMs for the
  promotion of Ada.

  Richard Conn
  21 March 1994
  ============================================
  File: /archive/languages/ada/userdocs/alt_srcs/wwwsrvr.txt
  Subject: Ada WWW Server - comp.lang.ada #17876

  From article <[e-mail]>,
  [e-mail] (Magnus Kempe) writes:
              *** The Ada WWW Server ***

  is alive and heavily used. It is a hypertext information server for the
  Ada programming language, managed at the Software Engineering Lab of
  the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland.

  In this message you will find an overview of the contents of the
  Ada WWW server, and some information on WWW and available browsers.
  Both parts have been updated since the first announcement was sent
  to comp.lang.ada.

  The URL of the Ada WWW Server is
      http://lglwww.epfl.ch/Ada/

  [and nothing else; don't forget the trailing '/'.]

  [If you have been informed of another, old URL, please throw it away.
   The URL indicated above is host-independent and will always be valid.
   Thank you.  It is useless to try to FTP to this site; we do not (yet)
   provide anonymous FTP access.]

  The Ada WWW Server will continue to grow.  All comments, ideas, and
  requests for additions or corrections, are welcome (e-mail to me,
  [e-mail]).  In particular, I look forward to your
  contributions.

  ----------------------
  What's on the server ?

  The Ada WWW Server provides Ada-related information and hypertext
  access in areas including:
      Historical notes on Ada
        - the Lady and the programming language
      References
        - hypertext LRM 83 and (draft hypertext of) Draft RM 9X;
          rationales
      State of Ada 9X revision process
      Standards
      Bindings
      Tools and Components
      Intellectual Ammunition
        - some facts about the language; Ada 9X; Ada in academia and
          industry; special interest groups; and debunking some myths
      Introductory Material
        - design goals and summary of the language; textbooks; "free"
          compilers
      Resources
        - software repositories; books and articles; list of validated
          compilers; cheap and "free" compilers; educational discounts;
          and CD-ROMs
      CS Technical Reports
      FTP Sites--and Mirrors
      Calendar of Ada-related events
      Ada Today
        - press releases; technical and other news
      Frequently Asked Questions--with Answers (from comp.lang.ada)

  For instance, you will find the list of schools using Ada in CS1
  or CS2, an article on commercial success stories, information about
  software components, as well as hypertext versions of the Ada
  reference manual (both 83 and draft 9X).

  -------------
  What is WWW ?

  The World Wide Web (WWW) is what Fortune Magazine ("The Internet And
  Your Business," March 7, 1994, pp. 86-96) recently called the "killer
  application" that will make the Internet indispensable to anyone in
  the 1990's just as the spreadsheet did for the PC in the 1980's.

  WWW is like a hypermedia encyclopedia.  It is a database and
  communications protocol, multimedia, distributed, and hypertext,
  developed by researchers at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.  Clicking
  on links takes the user from document to document, from site to
  site, world-wide.  Mosaic is the name of an application which
  lets users navigate through the Internet and browse through the
  Web; this software --distributed free to anyone who requests it
  and available for Unix workstations, Macintosh systems, and MS
  Windows-- was developed at NCSA, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois.

  WWW has also attracted attention from Business Week (two articles,
  March 28, 1994, pp. 170 and 180), Byte ("Data Highway," March 1994),
  Scientific American ("Wire Pirates," March 1994), German Der Spiegel,
  and British PC Week (March 15, 1994).  WWW was recently featured on
  CNN's FutureWatch.

  WWW browsers are available for various systems.

  The Mosaic binaries are FTP-able from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in /Mosaic,
  /Mac/Mosaic, and /PC/Mosaic .  Lynx is a full screen browser for vt100
  terminals; precompiled binaries are available from ftp2.cc.ukans.edu
  in /lynx .  Cello is a client for PCs running Windows, available from
  fatty.law.cornell.edu in /LII/Cello . W3 is an Emacs subsystem, available
  from cs.indiana.edu in /elisp/w3 .

  If you work on a Unix machine, WWW browsers might already be installed, so
  you may try to execute
      xmosaic http://lglwww.epfl.ch/Ada/
  or    Mosaic http://lglwww.epfl.ch/Ada/
  (don't forget the trailing '/')

  For more information, read the WWW FAQ, always available in the news.answers
  archive on rtfm.mit.edu in /pub/usenet/news.answers/www.faq .


  Enjoy.
  --
  Magnus Kempe -- [e-mail]

  "I know not what course others may take, but as for me,
   Give me Liberty... or Give me Death!" -- Patrick Henry
=======================================================
How Do I Work with ZIP Files and MAC Binary Files in the PAL from my MAC?
Last Update: June 29, 1993

See the file mbin*.abs (a text file) in the PAL toolkit directory.
There is a program for converting binary images in the PAL into Mac
Binary format.  There are also ZIP and UNZIP programs for the Mac.

Thanks to Mike Feldman for his support in this matter.

=======================================================
How Can I Submit an Item to the PAL?
Last Update: December 6, 1993

Contact Richard Conn at

  [e-mail]

if you wish to submit an item to the PAL.  Several different mechanisms
are in place for making a submission, including direct FTP into the PAL
(which is by far the easiest from my point of view).  I will ask you to
fill out an Item Description (ID) file which describes the item you are
submitting.  Once the item is on WUARCHIVE and I have your filled-out
ID file, I can take it from there.

Detailed submission instructions are in the file submit2.txt in the
directory languages/ada/userdocs/faqfile.